Determination of Ammonia in Blood by Donald D. Van Slyke and Alma Hiller with the Technical Amstance of John Plazin
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چکیده
In the method here presented Nash and Benedict’s (1921) procedure for aerating the ammonia from blood into an acid-receiving solution is utilized without modification. For determining the ammonia obtained, however, we have employed, instead of Nesslerization, the blue color developed when ammonia is heated with an alkaline solution of phenol and hypochlorite. This reaction was apparently first utilized for quantitative estimations by Thomas (1912, 1913), who attributed its discovery to Berthelot many years before. Thomas found it sensitive to a 1: 2,000,OOO dilution of ammonia nitrogen, and used it to estimate ammonia in cerebrospinal fluid. He found that the reaction was also given by amino acids, but only when they were present in very much greater concentrations. Orr (1924) used the reaction for direct determination of ammonia in urine, and Murray (1925) for the ammonia yielded by blood urea in microanalyses. We have found that the phenol reagent, when applied as described below, is more sensitive than Nessler’s solution (Koch and McMeekin, 1924). A dilution of 0.001 mg. of ammonia nitrogen in 5 cc. of solution (the minimum obtained in blood analyses) is just beyond the limit at which Nessler’s solution gives a perceptible color; but with this dilution the phenol reagent still yields sufficient color for approximate quantitative determination. Furthermore, the blue product of the phenol reaction behaves like a true solution, with no tendency to precipitate, while the colored product obtained as a result of Nessler’s reaction is highly insoluble, and its colloidal solution is likely to flocculate in the presence of traces of caprylic alcohol. This behavior makes Nesslerization
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تاریخ انتشار 2003